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"No evidence of disease activity" as a treatment goal and outcome measure

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    "No evidence of disease activity" as a treatment goal and outcome measure

    Some new initials are appearing in the MS literature. We've had PPMS, PRMS, SPMS, RRMS, and CIS [clinically isolated syndrome]. Now there's NEDA, for "no evidence of disease activity."

    According to this study (from JAMA Neurology, with an abstract in PubMed, December 23, 2014), NEDA status is difficult to sustain even when the person is receiving treatment.


    Quote
    JAMA Neurol. 2014 Dec 22.

    Evaluation of No Evidence of Disease Activity in a 7-Year Longitudinal Multiple Sclerosis Cohort

    Rotstein DL1, Healy BC2, Malik MT1, Chitnis T1, Weiner HL1.

    Author information

    1Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

    2Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts2Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brookline, Massachusetts.

    IMPORTANCE:

    With multiple and increasingly effective therapies for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), disease-free status or no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) has become a treatment goal and a new outcome measure. However, the persistence of NEDA over time and its predictive power for long-term prognosis are unknown.

    OBJECTIVE:

    To investigate NEDA during 7 years as measured by relapses, disability progression, and yearly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

    DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:

    Patients were selected from the 2200-patient Comprehensive Longitudinal Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis at Brigham and Women's Hospital (CLIMB) cohort study. Patients were required to have an initial diagnosis of clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS and a minimum of 7 years of prospective follow-up that included yearly brain MRI and biannual clinical visits (n = 219).

    Patients were analyzed independent of disease-modifying therapy. Patients were classified as having early (recent-onset) MS if they were 5 years or less from their first MS symptom at enrollment or otherwise considered to have established MS (>5 years from onset).

    MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:

    NEDA was defined as a composite that consisted of absence of relapses, no sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale score progression, and no new or enlarging T2 or T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesions on annual MRI. Relapses, progression, and MRI changes were also investigated as individual outcomes.

    RESULTS:

    A total of 99 of 215 patients (46.0%) had NEDA for clinical and MRI measures at 1 year, but only 17 of 216 (7.9%) maintained NEDA status after 7 years.

    No differences were found in NEDA status between patients with early vs established MS. A dissociation was found between clinical and MRI disease activity. Each year, 30.6% (64 of 209) to 42.9% (93 of 217) of the cohort had evidence of either clinical or MRI disease activity but not both.

    NEDA at 2 years had a positive predictive value of 78.3% for no progression (Expanded Disability Status Scale score change ≤0.5) at 7 years. Only minor improvement was found in the positive predictive values with additional follow-up of 1 to 3 years.

    CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:

    NEDA is difficult to sustain long term even with treatment. NEDA status at 2 years may be optimal in terms of prognostic value in the longer term. Our results provide a basis for investigating NEDA as an outcome measure and treatment goal and for evaluating the effect of new MS drugs on NEDA.

    PMID: 25531931





    This abstract can be seen Only registered and activated users can see links., Click Here To Register....
    SPMS diagnosed 1980. Avonex 2001-2004. Copaxone 2006-2009. Glatopa (glatiramer acetate = Copaxone) since December 2020.

    #2
    So, if a person has NEDA for 2 years, they could go treatment-free because there is a strong likelihood that they'll continue to have NEDA up to 7 years whether they're on treatment or not?
    Please Note that my posts may have been arbitrarily altered by a Moderator and may not reflect my original content.

    Per Mike Weins: "...the admin/mod team doesn't have to provide a forewarning/warning/mention about altering a members post. It doesn't matter if they fix a link, remove a link, fix a typo, or whatever...."

    Comment


      #3
      There's this article about the study (Multiple Sclerosis News Today, December 26, 2014):

      Only registered and activated users can see links., Click Here To Register...

      --which says, "Overall, NEDA after two years appeared to be the most effective point for predicting later MS-related disability at seven years. Future research is needed to confirm this finding, however."
      SPMS diagnosed 1980. Avonex 2001-2004. Copaxone 2006-2009. Glatopa (glatiramer acetate = Copaxone) since December 2020.

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